Oxidized Xanthan/Sodium Alginate/henna employed for the 3d-prototyping of advanced bandages intended to heal deep wounds

A primary medical concern worldwide is the treatment of 3^rd degree and deep burn wounds. Inefficient first-aid treatments are a major reason for infections, significantly affecting the morbidity and mortality rate. A combination of Xanthan dialdehyde, Alginate, and henna bio-ink is a promising approach for the development of 3D bio-printed structures. Henna, with lawsone as its primary constituent, provides antibacterial properties. XDA polymerizes with Sodium Alginate, promotes biocompatibility, and keeps the wound moist. Cu-doped mesoporous bioactive glass nanoparticles (Cu-MBGNs) inculcate angiogenic potential to synthesize hydrogels. Na-ALG supplies the necessary strength needed for the hydrogel, while water retention and absorbance properties of the hydrogel will eliminate the thermal residue left in the burn. A hydrogel loaded with anti-microbial and angiogenic material is proposed for both severe burn wounds and some degree burns. A matrix of Xanthan Dialdehyde (XDA) and Sodium Alginate (Na-ALG), loaded with henna and Cu-MBGNs was investigated in terms of morphology, bioactivity, and cross-linking capability using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), biocompatibility assay (WST-8), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy(FTIR), Thermogravimetric analysis(TGA), etc. The SEM images and swelling studies confirmed the scaffolds' porous structure and water retention capabilities. The FTIR spectra confirmed the cross-linking capabilities of XDA thus confirming that XDA is a suitable base component for scaffold prototyping. The antibacterial effect of XDA/Na-ALG/henna/Cu-MBGN’s scaffold was verified by conducting colony-forming unit and disc diffusion assays against Streptococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. The CAM assay confirmed the potent angiogenic proficiency while the trypan blue and WST-8 assay confirmed the augmented cell proliferation capabilities. A significant increase in the healing rate is expected as both angiogenic and antimicrobial effects were observed.