Hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂), as a reactive oxygen species (ROS), is closely linked to various physiological and pathological activities in living organisms. Accurate detection of elevated H₂O₂ levels in living cells is necessary due to their association with various diseases such as cancer, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease. Its quantification in tissue samples is essential for continuous tumor progression monitoring and evaluating cancer therapy efficacy, significantly enhancing diagnostic precision and monitoring capabilities in oncology.
This study responds to the escalating demand for efficient enzyme-based catalytic systems and precise biomarkers by exploring the potential of Allium sativum (Garlic) extract as a potent biocatalyst. The investigation focuses on garlic extract's capacity for H₂O₂ detection and quantification through an extensive examination of its catalytic activity, substrate affinity, and the development of an innovative sensor.
For this purpose, firstly garlic extract was prepared through a process involving stirring and sonication of crushed garlic in an aqueous solution. Then the obtained garlic extract was employed as an enzyme with peroxidase activity, demonstrating its ability to catalyze the oxidation of the substrate 3,3,5,5-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) in the presence of hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂). A catalytic mechanism analysis revealed that the enzymatic kinetics of garlic extract conformed to the typical Michaelis-Menten theory, but with a notably higher affinity for both substrates, TMB and H₂O₂, when compared to horseradish peroxidase (HRP).
Furthermore, this study pioneers garlic extract's integration into an H₂O₂ colorimetric sensor. This novel sensor exhibits impressive analytical capabilities with a wide linear detection range (11.29-206.19 μM) and an exceptionally low detection limit (39 nM). It was successfully applied to detect H₂O₂ in human serum and disinfectant samples, yielding highly satisfactory results.
In conclusion, this study highlights garlic extract's versatility as an enzymatic catalyst and sensor. Its strong catalytic properties, coupled with novel sensor applications, offer promise in clinical medicine and food analysis, improving enzymatic reactions and biomarker detection. The AS extract/TMB/H₂O₂ colorimetric system enables early disease diagnosis, progression monitoring, and treatment assessment in clinical samples.

Sevda Saadat

Appearances