Silver oxide nanoparticles (Nps) (Ag₂O-Nps) and gold nanoparticles (Au-Nps) show a promising future for the biomedical industry. These are highly known for their antimicrobial, anticancer, and antiviral properties, drug delivery and other excellent distinctive capacities for therapeutic applications. Diabetes mellitus affects approximately 10.5 % of the population. It is a major global health concern, with an estimated minimum of 40 million people suffering from this disorder. This research aims to investigate the inhibition of alpha-amylase using Ag₂O-Nps and Au-Nps to enhance the treatment of different types of diabetes. The methodology includes the synthesis and characterization of the nanoparticles. The characterization was achieved with a variety of techniques incorporating UV-Vis Spectroscopy, FT-IR spectroscopy, Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), and Raman microscopy. The Ag₂O-Nps displayed a size distribution of 30 nm-250 nm and a spherical morphology. Au-Nps unveiled a size range between 10 nm and 30 nm. The evaluation to different concentrations of nanomaterials in a physiological in-vitro system was carried out using a phosphate buffer, starch, amylase and 3,5-dinitrosalicylic acid (DNS). The samples were loaded on the UV-VIS to monitor the presence of alpha-amylase. Ag₂O-Nps conducted a various significant percents of the enzyme inhibition, being 66% the highest percent. The inhibition percentage increased with increasing concentrations of Nps. To compare, acarbose and acarbose-nanoparticles in-vitro trials were implemented. The great percent of the acarbose trials was showed 68% and the acarbose + Ag₂O-Nps mixture demonstrated a 100% for one of the concentrations. The nano composite between Ag₂O-Au nanoparticles reach an 81.86% of inhibition optimizing both in-vitro trials with Ag₂O-Nps and Au-Nps. Diabetes mellitus is a significant risk factor for bacterial infections. Uncontrolled hyperglycemia can impair immune responses, increasing susceptibility to infections. For future work, the bioconjugation of Ag₂O nanoparticles with alpha-amylase will be studied to analyze multidrug-resistant bacteria.

Julio Colón Lisojo

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