Glycoalkaloids are plant secondary metabolites found in various Solanaceae species. Glycoalkaloids of domesticated Solanum crops inter alia potatoes, tomatoes, and aubergines has been studied to a great degree. Recently, it has been shown that glycoalkaloids isolated from wild Solanum species such as S. sisymbriifolium have a great potential for controlling of several potato cysts nematodes, pests that can cause up to 80% yield loss. Currently, glycoalkaloid composition of S. sisymbriifolium is poorly understood due to the lack of analytical standards. However, identification of specific chemical compounds is critical for potential development of nematocidal products and for understanding the mode of S. sisymbriifolium nematocidal actions. Therefore, the aim of this study was to utilize ultra-high performance liquid chromatography with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-TOF-MS) untargeted analysis for profiling of S. sisymbriifolium leafy shoot extracts for glycoalkaloids and other chemical classes. Liquid-liquid and solid phase extraction was used for preparing plant extracts enriched with a specific type of chemical compounds. Based on the fragmentation pattern, neutral loss, and the exact molecular ion mass, solamargine (1), 7α-OH solargine (2), α-solamarine (3), arudonine (4), malonyl-solamargine (5), and hydroxy-sycophantine (6) were putatively identified as the major glycoalkaloids in S. sisymbriifolium leafy shoot. Extraction with n-butanol resulted in the greatest enrichment of these glycoalkaloids.

Hashim Ibrahim

Appearances